Doctrine and Theology serve as the theological foundation of Christian belief. This section provides an organized gateway to the Church’s core doctrinal teachings, guiding ministers, students, and teachers to deeper study through focused doctrinal categories.
Each subcategory explores a specific area of theological study, helping readers understand Scripture faithfully, articulate sound doctrine, and engage complex theological questions with clarity and discernment.
In Evangelical Protestant theology, the term Gentiles refers to the nations other than Israel, that is, people who are not ethnically Jewish and not covenantally identified with the historic people of Israel under the Old Testament administration. The term carries both an ethnic and a redemptive-historical …
In Evangelical Protestant theology, a martyr is a believer in Jesus Christ who remains faithful to the gospel under persecution, even to the point of death. The term carries the sense of witness, because the martyr bears testimony to Christ by steadfast confession, suffering, and endurance. …
Orthodoxy, from the perspective of Evangelical Protestant theology, refers to right belief that conforms to the truth God has revealed in Holy Scripture. It is not merely adherence to inherited tradition, nor is it a bare intellectual agreement with doctrinal formulas. Rather, orthodoxy is the faithful …
Sanctification, in Evangelical Protestant theology, is the gracious work of the triune God by which believers are set apart unto God, renewed in the inner person, and progressively conformed to the moral likeness of Jesus Christ. The term carries both a definitive and a progressive sense …
Justification is the gracious judicial act of God by which He declares sinners righteous in His sight through faith in Jesus Christ. In Evangelical Protestant theology, justification is not a process of moral improvement, nor is it the infusion of righteousness into the believer as an …
In Evangelical Protestant theology, heresy is the persistent denial, distortion, or replacement of essential biblical doctrine in a way that corrupts the gospel and misrepresents the God who has revealed himself in Scripture. Heresy is not merely a secondary disagreement among sincere Christians, nor is it …
Introduction to the Lord’s Supper Communion, also called the Lord’s Supper, stands at the theological and pastoral center of Christian ministry. Instituted by the Lord Jesus Christ on the night He was betrayed, this sacred ordinance embodies the gospel in visible form. It unites proclamation, remembrance, …
The doctrine of hell occupies a sobering yet necessary place within Evangelical Christian theology. It cannot be dismissed as peripheral because it is interwoven with the holiness of God, the justice of God, the atonement of Christ, and the urgency of the Great Commission. Evangelicals affirm …
Anthropological Approach to Christology refers to a method of understanding the person of Jesus Christ that begins with His humanity rather than His preexistent divinity. This approach analyzes Christ from the standpoint of human experience, historical context, and existential reality. Instead of starting with the eternal …
The term Ontological Trinity refers to the eternal being of God in Himself, independent of creation and redemption. It describes the one divine essence subsisting eternally in three distinct persons: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. The word ontological derives from ontology, the study of being. When …