National Association of Christian Ministers Summary Series
Solomon, also known as King Solomon, was a prominent figure in the Bible and is revered for his wisdom, wealth, and accomplishments. He is believed to have reigned as the third king of Israel and the son of King David and Bathsheba. Solomon’s story is primarily recorded in the Old Testament, particularly in the books of 1 Kings, 2 Chronicles, and Ecclesiastes. Here is a biography of Solomon, along with relevant scriptural citations:
1. Early Life and Anointing as King:
Solomon was born in Jerusalem, and his given name was Jedidiah, meaning “beloved of the Lord.” His father, David, appointed him as his successor before his death. This is recorded in 1 Chronicles 22:9-10, where David says to Solomon: “And behold, a son shall be born to you who shall be a man of rest. I will give him rest from all his surrounding enemies. For his name shall be Solomon, and I will give peace and quiet to Israel in his days.”
2. Building the Temple:
One of Solomon’s most significant achievements was the construction of the First Temple in Jerusalem. He received instructions from his father David to build a house for the Lord. In 1 Kings 6, it describes the details of the construction of the temple, including its dimensions and materials used. The completion of the temple marked a significant event in Israelite history.
3. Solomon’s Wisdom:
Solomon is renowned for his exceptional wisdom, a gift bestowed upon him by God. One notable story demonstrating his wisdom is the judgment of two women claiming to be the mother of a child. In 1 Kings 3:16-28, Solomon proposes cutting the child in half to settle the dispute. The true mother, in her love for the child, relinquishes her claim to save the child’s life, revealing her identity. This incident highlights Solomon’s wisdom and discernment.
4. Wealth and Prosperity:
Solomon’s reign was marked by great prosperity and abundance. His kingdom experienced economic growth, trade relationships with neighboring nations, and an impressive level of wealth. 1 Kings 10:23 states: “So King Solomon surpassed all the kings of the earth in riches and wisdom.”
5. International Relations and Alliances:
Solomon’s wisdom and reputation extended beyond the borders of Israel. He engaged in diplomatic relationships and formed alliances with other nations. The most notable of these alliances was with the Egyptian Pharaoh’s daughter, whom Solomon married. This union strengthened ties between Israel and Egypt.
6. Writings:
Solomon is traditionally credited with the authorship of three biblical books: Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and the Song of Solomon. These books contain wisdom literature, reflections on life, and poetic expressions of love and beauty.
7. Decline and Idolatry:
Despite his initial devotion to God, Solomon’s later years saw a decline in his faithfulness. He married many foreign women who brought their idolatrous practices into the kingdom, leading Solomon to build high places and altars to foreign gods. This displeased God, and as a result, God declared that the kingdom would be divided after Solomon’s death.
8. Death:
Solomon reigned for 40 years, and upon his death, his son Rehoboam succeeded him as king. The division of the kingdom into the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah occurred during Rehoboam’s reign. While Solomon achieved great success and wisdom during his life, his later years serve as a cautionary tale of the consequences of turning away from God.
These are the key aspects of Solomon’s life and reign as described in the Bible, with relevant scriptural citations. The story of Solomon serves as a rich source of wisdom and life lessons for readers throughout history.
